Sylvania



a D.E.CARPENTEK RECTIFIER SYSTEM.

APPLICATION fILED FEB.5.|9I4.

1,321,886. lutvntvd Nov. 18, 1919.

WITNESSES: nvamon 9 av ATTORNEY UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DAVID E. CARPENTER, OF WILKINSBUBG', PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO WESTING- HOUSE ELECTRIC AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENN- SYLVANIA.

RECTIFIER SYSTEM.

racnsac.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 18, 1919.

Application filed February 5, 1914. Serial No. 816,713.

To all when: it may concern:

Be it known that I DAVID E. Canmix'reu, a citizen of theUnited States, and a resident of \Vilkinshurg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Rectifier Systems, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to systems for con verting alternating currents into direct currents, and it has specialreferenee to systems employing vapor-rectifiers'. i

The object of my invention is to effect an arrangement of rectifier units in which short circuiting between the anodes within the rectifiers shall be avoided. A a

In brief, my invention comprehends the connection of the main anode and the kee alive anode of each rectifier 5110 a sing e source of alternating current ilr' such manncr that the alternate l alf cycles are sup' plied to the main auoiIe-"andthe keep-alive anode, so that the main circuit and the keepin -alivo circuit are active alternatively.

y invention is illustrated in the single figure of the accompanying drawing which is a diagrammatic view of the necessary ap aratus and connections.

n the drawing, a source 1 of singlehaso alternating current is shown as supp yiug current to two transformers 2aj'n-n'd 3. A vapor rectifier system comprising two rectifier units 4 and 5 receives current from the transformers 2 and 3. The unit4 is-jpro vided with a main anode 6 and with an auxiliary anode 8 and, inlike manner, the unit 5 is provided with a main anode 7 and with an auxiliary anode 9. The main anodes 6 and 7 are connected to the respective terminals of the secondary winding of the transformer 2, and the auxiliary anodes 8, and 2:

- are connected to the tern'iinals'of the secondary winding of the-transformer 3. The connections to the auxiliary anodes, however, are reversed with respect to those of the inain anodes, that is to say, assuming the right-hand ierminals of the two secondary windings m1 he simultaneously positive, the right-hand terminal of the transformer 2 is eonn ctcd to an anode in the unit 5, Whereas the right-hand terminal of the secondary winding of the transformer 3 is connected to an anode in thez i'nit 4'. Thus, the current wave provid l frorirtthc auxiliary r transformer will receive alternations which anode in each rectifier unit hassubstantially 180 phase displacement from the main-current wave in t 1e same unit and this current displacement permits the maintenance of both units. Both of the reetifiers deliver direct current to a single circuit 10. Reactances 11 and 12 are placed in circuit with the rectifiers im the usual manner, and variable resistauces 13 and 14 are provided in series with the keep-alive anodes 8 and 9, respectively,

Since both of the transformers receive current from the same source of alternating current, it will be observed that the main anode and the keep-alive anode of each are constantly almost 180 degrees apart in ihase, the two current waves in a given unit aving not only this 180 phase relationship but each tending to persist throughout more than one-half cycle because of the reaetancc devices 11 and 12 in circuit, providing ample maintaining eflect. The auxilialy maintaming circuit, comprising the transformer 23 and the auxiliary anodes 8 and 9, is provided in addition to the main circuit, as this auxiliary circuit may be very heavily loaded with reactance to provide remarked suStailb ing action without interposing this reactance in the path of the load current, with attcndant serious lowering of the power factor. It results from this arrangement that the keeping-alive arc is entirely eliminated during the time that the main are is active and it also results that the value of the keeping-alive current is very small at the beginning of its active half-cycle. The danger of short cireuiting is consequently minimized.

The arrangement shown in the drawing is merely illustrative, and many changes might be made therein within the scope of my invention, as set forth in the appended claims. 7

I claim as my invention:

1. A rectifier system comprising a source of alternating current and a plurality of vapor rectifier units receiving current from said source, each rectifier unit having a maitu anode and an. auxiliary anode, the current unit diflerinp; in phase by substantially 180.

2. In a rectifying system, the combination '5 with two converting units of the vapor type,

each provided .with a main anode, a main. in either unit, the associated auxiliary :mmie

cathode and an auxiliary anode, of a main is inactive and vice versa.

source of alternating current connected to In testimony whereof I have hereunto said main anodes, respectively, an auxiliary subscribed my name this 31st (lay of Jun,

5 source of alternating current substantially 1914.

cophasial with respect to said main source,

and connections f m the cathodes of said H) CARPFXTER' units to intermediate points' in said sources, 'itnesscs: the respective connections being reversed so L. E. F nos-r.

10 that during periods of main-anode activity B. B. Hues.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,321,886, granted November 18, 1919, upon the application of David E. Carpenter, of Wilkimburg, Pennsyl- Vania, 'for an improvement in "Rectifier Systems," on error appears. in the printed specification requiring correctiop. as follows: Page 1, line 106, claim Tfhefore the period insert the words by virtue q) reverend connectim to said auxiliary o'lwdea relative to the connections to the main anodes; and that the said Letters Patent ehould'be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Oflice.

Signed qua sealed this 30th day of December, A D., 1919.

M. H. COULSTON,

Acting Commissioner of Patents.

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